TITLE
BIOFOULING IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT: MECHANISMS, IMPACTS, AND MODERN SOLUTIONS. A BRIEF REVIEW
AUTHOR(S)
Ivan Rusev*, Veneta Koeva, Deyan Veselinov, Radostina Yankova, Hristo Skulev
ABSTRACT
Biofouling in the marine environment is a complex biological process that leads to serious economic and ecological effects for the marine industry and ecosystems. It begins with the adhesion of microorganisms and the formation of a biofilm, which facilitates the attachment of larger organisms and leads to an increase in the weight and hydrodynamic resistance of the vessels. These changes cause significant costs related to fuel, maintenance and operation of marine facilities. In addition, biofouling increases environmental risks, including contamination from biocides and carrying invasive species, which poses a threat to local ecosystems. This article examines the mechanisms of biofouling, economic and ecological impact, as well as global technologies to combat it, including innovations in biocidal and non-biocidal coatings. Achieving efficient and environmentally sound solutions remains a key challenge for the future of the maritime industry.
DOI
http://www.doi.org/10.70456/SIBE2594
DOWNLOAD
https://unitechsp.tugab.bg/images/2024/7-METMID/s7_p98_v1.pdf
How to cite this article:
Ivan Rusev*, Veneta Koeva, Deyan Veselinov, Radostina Yankova, Hristo Skulev, BIOFOULING IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT: MECHANISMS, IMPACTS, AND MODERN SOLUTIONS. A BRIEF REVIEW, UNITECH – SELECTED PAPERS - 2024